I googled the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Guadalupe_Hidalgo ) and found some interesting information. It was said that the treaty was made to form peace, friendship, limits and settlements between the United States and Mexico. It was signed on February 2, 1848. It was said that treaty (Article XI) was important to Mexico because it prevented raids by Indians into Mexico with the help of the US; however, in 1853, concluding the Gadsden Purchase - the Treaty of Mesilla had Article XI annulled. The Gadsden Purchase ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadsden_Purchase ) was an agreement between the US and Mexico that was finalized in 1854 that said the US would agree to pay Mexico for a square mile portion of Mexico. The US will then have land necessary for the southern transcontinental railroad. The transcontinental railroad ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcontinental_railroad ) crossed the continental land mass.